What legislation established the requirement for federal agencies to consider environmental impacts?

The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) is significant because it represents a foundational framework for considering environmental impacts in federal agency decision-making. Enacted in 1969, NEPA requires federal agencies to assess the environmental effects of their proposed actions before making decisions. This involves preparing detailed environmental impact statements (EIS) for major federal actions that significantly affect the environment. The process encourages transparency and public involvement, allowing stakeholders to voice their concerns and participate in the decision-making process.

NEPA's requirements foster a comprehensive assessment of potential environmental impacts, ensuring that agencies consider alternatives and mitigate negative outcomes before proceeding with projects. This has established a precedent for environmental stewardship within federal operations, making it a cornerstone of U.S. environmental policy. Other legislative acts, while important to environmental protection, do not specifically mandate a formalized approach for considering environmental impacts in the same manner that NEPA does.