What is typically included in an environmental impact assessment?

An environmental impact assessment (EIA) is a comprehensive process designed to evaluate the potential environmental effects of a proposed project or action. A key component of an EIA is the evaluation of both short-term and long-term environmental effects. This includes assessing how a project might impact ecosystems, air and water quality, wildlife, and local communities both immediately and over time as the project develops and as conditions change.

By examining both types of effects, the assessment can provide a thorough understanding of potential consequences, allowing for informed decision-making. This dual focus ensures that stakeholders are aware of not just the immediate impacts but also any longer-term implications that might arise, such as changes in habitat, resource availability, and community health and safety.

In contrast, while economic benefits, aesthetic qualities, and job creation potential may be relevant considerations in the broader scope of project planning or permitting, they do not capture the essence of what an EIA is fundamentally designed to evaluate. An EIA's primary goal is to identify and assess environmental impacts, offering a structured approach to preventing or mitigating adverse effects on the environment.