What are ecosystem services?

Ecosystem services refer to the various benefits that humans obtain from natural ecosystems. This includes a wide range of essential services that contribute to human well-being, such as clean water, air purification, pollination of crops, climate regulation, nutrient cycling, and the support of biodiversity. Option B accurately captures this concept by highlighting that these benefits stem from ecosystems themselves, rather than stemming from economic activities or artificial structures.

Understanding ecosystem services is crucial because they underpin the functioning of natural systems that humanity relies on for survival and prosperity. Recognizing the value of these services can help inform policy and management decisions aimed at sustainability and conservation. By acknowledging the interconnectedness of human health and environmental health, we can promote practices that protect and enhance these invaluable services.